Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Cutting Scalpel Blades After Use and leaning by Different Methods / Avaliação da Efetividade do Corte de Lâminas de Bisturi Após Uso e Limpeza Por Diferentes Métodos

When performing incisions during oral and maxillofacial surgical procedures, the surgeon requires a blade that ensures precise cuts which reduce unnecessary tissue injuries. After searching the literature, we realized that there is a lack of studies that assesses scalpel blades for dental use. Herein, this study aims to assess the cutting power of new scalpel blades after cleaning with different methods. Sixty sterile scalpel blades were divided into seven groups: I) new blade; II) the second insertion; III) blade cleaned with gauze; IV) blade cleaned with gauze and saline; V) blade cleaned with saline; VI) blade cleaned with cotton, and VII) blade cleaned with cotton and saline. A universal testing machine (Osvaldo Filizola, São Paulo, Brazil) was used for the insertion and measurement of the shear strength. The results revealed that cleaning the blade with gauze and saline was the method that had the greatest loss of the cutting capability. The reinsertion of the scalpel blade without any type of cleaning or the cleaning of the blade with cotton and saline were the methods that obtained the best result, which did not compromise the mechanical properties of the tested material. This study concludes that cleaning methods affect the cutting power of scalpel blade

Na execução dos procedimentos cirúrgicos bucais e maxilofaciais o operador, ao realizar incisões, necessita de uma lâmina que garanta um corte preciso, diminuindo lesões desnecessárias aos tecidos. Ao fazer uma busca na literatura, constatou-se carência de estudos que avaliassem lâminas de bisturi de uso odontológico. Diante desse cenário, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o poder de corte de lâminas de bisturi novas e após limpeza com diferentes métodos. Sessenta lâminas de bisturi estéreis foram divididas em sete grupos: I) lâmina nova; II) segunda inserção; III) lâmina limpa com gaze; IV) lâmina limpa com gaze e soro; V) lâmina limpa com soro; VI) lâmina limpa com algodão e VII) lâmina limpa com algodão e soro. Para inserção e aferição da resistência ao corte utilizou-se uma máquina de ensaio universal (Osvaldo Filizola, São Paulo, Brasil). Os resultados revelaram que a limpeza da lâmina com gaze e soro fisiológico foi o método que teve maior perda de corte. Já a reinserção da lâmina de bisturi sem quaisquer tipos de limpeza ou a limpeza da lâmina com algodão e soro foram as que obtiveram melhor resultado, não comprometendo as propriedades mecânicas do material testado. Conclui-se, com a realização desse estudo, que os métodos de limpeza afetam o poder de corte das lâminas de bisturi.

Determinants of Job-Finding Intentions Among Young Adults from 11 European Countries.

In this study we investigate the impact of individual, parental and social factors on young adults' job-finding intentions across countries and overall. We test our hypotheses by conducting binary logistic regressions on the basis of an original dataset that comprises responses from more than 5200 young adults and their parents from 11 European countries. Our findings show that individual factors are most decisive in shaping the job-finding intentions of young adults. Most importantly, being enrolled in education does not prevent young adults from lowering their aspirations with respect to anticipated earnings or finding more sophisticated jobs. Social factors, in terms of being socially involved or having more friends in employment, lead to stronger mobility intentions as well as to stronger intentions to improve skills or develop new ones. At the country level, and compared to Italian participants, who go through a longer school-to-work transition, participants from Northern or Central European countries, as well as from the United Kingdom, show weaker mobility intentions. In many of these countries, young adults are also more willing than their Italian counterparts to lower income aspirations, while being less inclined to lower their aspirations in terms of finding more sophisticated jobs. In a last step, we reflect on education as a means of improving professional aspirations and the need to offer adequate on-the-ground services to help young people through the school-to-work transition, especially in Southern European countries. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11205-022-02941-6.

Prosthetic rehabilitation of a child with Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome after dental trauma: case report / Reabilitação protética de criança com Síndrome de Rubinstein Taybi após traumatismo dentário: relato de caso

ABSTRACT Rubinstein Taybi syndrome has a genetic origin in the chromosome 16. It has physical characteristics, delay in physical and mental development, and may present oral alterations. This paper aims to report a case of prosthetic rehabilitation of a patient with syndrome who, due to dental trauma, lost dental elements early. Female patient, 4 years and 7 months old, with loss of the deciduous maxillary central incisors. The data collection was carried out through anamnesis, clinical and complementary exams. After the diagnosis and the establishment of the treatment plan, we made a Denari type prosthesis. It has a tube-bar mechanism that allows maxillary growth and development. At the end of treatment, the caregiver was instructed to make periodic visits to the dentist for clinical and radiographic follow-up of the prosthesis, as well as the need for treatment with the speech therapist. The loss of anterior deciduous teeth can be associated with trauma in this region and the dental absence can affect the development and behavior of children, promoting a change in daily life and impacting the quality of life of the whole family. The Denari prosthesis is a viable treatment option for children with this syndrome, as it accompanies the maxillary growth, restores the functions of the stomatognathic system, prevents deleterious oral habits and helps with phonetics. It is necessary for the dentist to be able to offer the best treatment for these patients, as the syndrome makes it difficult, but does not impede its execution.

RESUMO A Síndrome de Rubinstein Taybi tem origem genética no cromossomo 16. O paciente com essas condições apresenta características físicas, atraso no desenvolvimento físico e mental podendo apresentar alterações bucais. O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de relatar um caso de reabilitação protética de um paciente com a síndrome que, devido a traumatismo dentário, perdeu precocemente elementos dentários. Paciente do sexo feminino, 4 anos e 7 meses de idade, com ausência dos incisivos centrais superiores decíduos. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de anamnese, exames clínico e complementares. Após o diagnóstico e estabelecimento do plano de tratamento, foi confeccionada uma prótese do tipo Denari. A mesma possui um mecanismo tubo barra que permite o crescimento e o desenvolvimento maxilar. Ao término do tratamento, a responsável foi orientada a fazer visitas periódicas ao cirurgião-dentista para acompanhamento clínico e radiográfico da prótese, bem como a necessidade do tratamento com o fonoaudiólogo. A perda de dentes decíduos anteriores pode estar associada a trauma nessa região e a ausência dentária pode afetar o desenvolvimento e o comportamento das crianças promovendo uma mudança no cotidiano e impactando a qualidade de vida de toda a família. A prótese Denari é uma opção viável de tratamento, para crianças com essa síndrome, pois não impede o crescimento maxilar, restitui as funções do sistema estomatognático, previne hábitos bucais deletérios e auxilia na fonética. É necessário que o dentista esteja capacitado para oferecer o melhor tratamento para esses pacientes, pois a síndrome dificulta, mas não impede a execução.

Evaluación de la integridad y permeabilidad de guantes de procedimientos utilizados en la clínica dental / Avaliação da integridade e permeabilidade de luvas de procedimentos utilizados na clínica odontológica / Evaluation of glove integrity and permeability of procedures used in dentistry clinic

Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a integridade e permeabilidade das luvas dos procedimentos utilizados no atendimento odontológico. Material e Métodos: Foram avaliadas 100 luvas de duas marcas Unigloves e Descarpack, divididas da seguinte forma: Grupo 1: luvas brancas; Grupo 2: rosa; Grupo 3: preto; Grupo 4: azul; Grupo 5: Transparente. Todos analisados visualmente um por um sobre imperfeições, os buracos foram inflados com 700 ml de água manchada com violeta de genciana a 1% e pendurados com uma altura média de 1 metro de solo em temperatura ambiente. Eles foram avaliados por 2 horas, porém a cada 30 minutos foram inspecionados para observar possível permeabilidade. Os dados foram tabulados e analisados por teste Qui² com p<0,05. Resultados: durante o período de 30 e 60 minutos, as luvas não apresentaram alteração em relação à umidade e ao gotejamento. Quanto ao grau de permeabilidade, não houve diferença estatística entre os grupos avaliados. Conclusão: Assim, podemos concluir que as diferentes cores ou materiais de fabricação das luvas de procedimento não interferem em sua qualidade

Objetivo: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la integridad y la permeabilidad de los guantes de los procedimientos utilizados en el cuidado dental. Material y métodos: se evaluaron 100 guantes de dos marcas Unigloves e Descarpack, divididos de la siguiente manera: Grupo 1: guantes blancos; Grupo 2: rosa; Grupo 3: negro; Grupo 4: azul; Grupo 5: Transparente. Todos analizados visualmente uno por uno en las imperfecciones, los agujeros se inflaron con 700 ml de agua teñida con violeta de genciana al 1% y se colgaron con una altura promedio de 1 metro de suelo a temperatura ambiente. Fueron evaluados por 2 horas, pero cada 30 minutos fueron inspeccionados por posible permeabilidad. Los datos se tabularon y analizaron utilizando la prueba Qui² con p <0.05. Resultados: durante el período de 30 y 60 minutos, los guantes no cambiaron en relación con la humedad y el goteo. En cuanto al grado de permeabilidad, no hubo diferencia estadística entre los grupos evaluados. Conclusión: Por lo tanto, podemos concluir que los diferentes colores o materiales de fabricación de los guantes de procedimiento no interfieren con su calidad.

This study aimed to assess the integrity and permeability of gloves from procedures used in dental care. Material and Methods: 100 gloves of two brands were evaluated, divided as follows: Group 1: white gloves; Group 2: pink; Group 3: black; Group 4: blue; Group 5: Transparent. All analyzed visually one by one on imperfections, the holes were inflated with 700ml of water stained with 1% gentian violet and hung with an average height of 1 meter of soil at room temperature. They were evaluated for 2 hours, but every 30 minutes they were inspected for possible permeability. The data were tabulated and analyzed using the Qui² test with p <0.05. Results: during the period of 30 and 60 minutes, the gloves did not change in relation to humidity and dripping. As for the degree of permeability, there was no statistical difference between the groups evaluated. Conclusion: Thus, we can conclude that the different colors or materials of manufacture of the procedure gloves do not interfere with their quality

Professional development perspectives across gender and age groups of under-qualified rural NEETs.

Our study explored how self-efficacy perceptions are associated with Perceived Barriers (PB), meaning beliefs about constraints on current/future vocational development, and Professional Expectations (PE) among rural, under-qualified youths Not in Employment, nor in Education or Training (NEET). We also analyzed how the connections between these factors varied across gender and age groups. One hundred and eighty-eight NEETs participated in this study (58.20% female; (M = 23.05; standard deviation = 1.96). Through linear regression analysis using PROCESS macros, we found that higher self-efficacy was associated with stronger PB, after accounting for the effects of training offers and income. Moreover, men showing stronger self-efficacy also displayed stronger PB, while men depicting weaker self-efficacy presented weaker PB, compared with women in similar conditions. Being offered more training opportunities resulted in stronger perceptions of professional barriers for these NEETs. Thus, rural, under-qualified NEETs require person-centered approaches from employment services, to support their transition to employment/training.

Predicting the potential of sludge dewatering liquors to recover nutrients as struvite biominerals.

Phosphorus and nutrient recovery from wastewater as mineral salts can support local replenishment of fertilisers and reduce mining, contributing to the circular economy. Wastewater and related streams are rich in nutrients, however; there is need to develop bio-based processes to recover them. This study investigates the fractions of phosphorus (P) used by Brevibacterium antiquum to form struvite biominerals (bio-struvite) in wastewater sludge dewatering liquors. After 72h of incubation, 25.6 mg P/L were recovered as bio-struvite from 12.4 mg P/L organic plus condensed P and 13.2 mg P/L of ortho-phosphate. The potential of sludge dewatering liquors to recover nutrients as struvite was investigated by characterising ten types of sludge liquors (originating from primary, secondary sludge, feed to anaerobic digester and digestate, from 3 types of wastewater treatment plants) for their P fractions together with other parameters relevant for B. antiquum growth. Results indicated that liquors obtained from primary sludge, feed to anaerobic digesters and digestate were the most suitable to produce bio-struvite, as these were found to frequently have a high content of organic and condensed P, between to 276-732 mg P/L. Liquors, from all the investigated sites, presented a higher potential for bio-struvite production than with conventional struvite precipitation. This study demonstrated that B. antiquum could convert organic and condensed P into bio-struvite, and this opens up a completely new way to recover forms of phosphorus that are not typically available for nutrient recovery in a single process.

Reabilitação Estética Funcional de Paciente Odontopediátrico: Relato de Caso / Aesthetic and Functional Rehabilitation in Pediatric Dentistry Patient: Case Report

A cárie dentária na atualidade continua sendo um problema de saúde pública, apesar do grande avanço tecnológico e de novas técnicas para preveni-la. Esta, se caracteriza como uma doença multifatorial, infecciosa e dieta dependente. Além disso, se apresenta mais prevalente em crianças devido a maior ingestão de carboidratos e sacarose, além de falta de controle motor durante higienização. O tratamento é dividido em quatro fases: sistêmica, preparatória, reabilitadora e manutenção. Assim, este artigo tem como objetivo relatar o caso clínico de criança de 6 anos de idade acometida por cárie precoce, descrevendo o tratamento em fases, compreendendo a reabilitação com resina composta nas unidades acometidas pela cárie e mantenedor de espaço com intuito de substituir as unidades na qual foram perdidas. Ao final do tratamento proposto, a paciente demonstrou satisfeita com o resultado, o que foi possível devolver a qualidade de vida da mesma. (AU).

Currently, caries is still a major problem in public healthy, despite the great technological development and new prevention methods. The caries is a multifactorial, infectious, transmissible and diet dependent disease. It is more prevalent in kids because of their higher intake of carbohydrates and sucrose, and the lack of motor control during the toothbrushing. The treatment is divided into four stages: systemic, preparatory, rehabilitative and maintenance. Thus, this article aims to report a case about a six-year-old child affected by early childhood caries, describing the treatment phases, comprising rehabilitation with composite created in units and space maintainer to replace the missing units. At the end of the treatment, the patient showed satisfaction with the outcome, restoring the quality of her life. (AU).

The role of pH on the biological struvite production in digested sludge dewatering liquors.

Struvite production mediated by bacteria has opened up a new route for phosphorus recovery from wastewater streams but its application to digested sludge dewatering liquors is not yet well understood. This study investigates the growth and biological struvite production of selected bacteria in wastewater liquors with pHs between 5.7 to 9.1. The bacterial growth was assessed through flow cytometry. Bacillus pumilus, Halobacterium salinarum and Brevibacterium antiquum remained viable at pHs between 5.7 to 9.1 but B. antiquum was able to grow at pHs between 7.3 to 7.8. Further analysis allowed the identification of crystals as struvite in tests between pH 7.3 to 8.3. All strains were capable of producing struvite at a range of pHs, but the highest production of 135-198 mg/L was observed for pHs between 7.3 to 8.3. At pHs > 8.3, precipitation of struvite and calcium compounds was observed in inoculated and non-inoculated tests. This study demonstrates that biological struvite production can occur at a wide range of pHs, hence significantly different from chemical struvite precipitation that occurs at pH > 8.3, making it a potentially viable process for phosphorus recovery as struvite from wastewater streams and sludge liquors without strict pH control.

Understanding the growth of the bio-struvite production Brevibacterium antiquum in sludge liquors.

Biological struvite (bio-struvite) production through biomineralization has been suggested as an alternative to chemically derived struvite production to recover phosphorus from wastewater streams. In this study, statistical experimental design techniques were used to find the optimal growth rate (µ) of Brevibacterium antiquum in sludge liquors. Acetate, oleic acid, NaCl, NH4-N, and Ca2+ were shown to affect the growth rate of B. antiquum. The growth rate reached 3.44 1/d when the bacteria were supplemented with 3.0% w/v NaCl and 1124 mg chemical oxygen demand/L as acetate. However, NaCl was found to hinder the biomineralization of bio-struvite. A two-stage experiment demonstrated that bio-struvite was produced in the presence of acetate. Bio-struvite production was confirmed with X-ray spectroscopy and crystal morphology (prismatic, tabular, and twinned crystal habit) through electron microscope analysis. The bio-struvite production was estimated by measuring phosphate content of the recovered precipitates, reaching 9.6 mg P/L as bio-struvite. Overall, these results demonstrated the optimal conditions required to achieve high growth rates as well as bio-struvite production with B. antiquum. The results obtained in this study could be used to develop a process to grow B. antiquum in wastewater streams in mixed cultures and recover phosphorus-rich products such as struvite.

Percepção dos pais sobre as técnicas de manejo comportamental utilizadas em Odontopediatria / Parents perception about the behavioral management techniques used in Pediatric Dentistry

Objetivo: avaliar a percepção dos pais a respeito das técnicas de manejo do comportamento infantil utilizadas em Odontopediatria antes e após explicação das mesmas. Material e Métodos: foi realizado estudo com pais cujos filhos eram pacientes de uma clínica odontopediátrica. Os mesmos foram expostos a um vídeo com a realização das seguintes técnicas de manejo do comportamento infantil: dizer-mostrar-fazer, controle de voz, reforço positivo, presença ou ausência dos pais, modelo, mão-sobre-a-boca, contenção passiva, contenção ativa e sedação. A exposição do vídeo foi realizada de forma aleatória sendo que no primeiro momento, sem as devidas explicações a respeito do que se tratava, apenas informando o nome de cada técnica. Enquanto assistiam, os pais respondiam um questionário onde trazia a seguinte pergunta: Qual a frequência de vezes que permitiriam que aquela técnica fosse aplicada durante atendimento do seu filho?, SEMPRE, ÀS VEZES ou NUNCA. No segundo momento, após explicação do que se tratava cada vídeo, um novo questionário com as mesmas questões foram entregues aos pais. Resultados: as técnicas não restritivas (dizer-mostrar-fazer e reforço positivo) tiveram altos índices de aceitação, tanto antes quanto após as explicações, e as restritivas (mão-sobre-a-boca, contenção passiva e ativa) índices baixos de aceitação. Também foi possível observar que, após a explicação das técnicas, a aceitação foi indiferente ao gênero, idade e escolaridade dos participantes do estudo. Na técnica de mão sobre a boca a aceitação subiu de 34,2% para 68,5% (p < 0,05) Conclusão: após a explicação prévia, a aceitação das técnicas de comportamento é mais bem aceita pelos pais das crianças.

Objective: To evaluate parents' perceptions of the child behavioral management techniques used in pediatric dentistry before and after receiving explanations of the techniques. Materials and Methods: The study participants were parents of children receiving care at a pediatric dental clinic. The parents viewed a video involving the use of the following child behavior management techniques: tell-show-do, voice control, positive reinforcement, presence or absence of parents, model, hand-onthe- mouth, passive restraint, active restraint, and sedation. The first time participants viewed the video, they were told the name of each technique, but did not receive any explanations about the techniques. As they watched the video, the parents provided responses on a questionnaire that asked the following question: What is the frequency of times that you would allow this technique to be applied during your child's appointment? The response options were: "Always", "Sometimes", or "Never". After receiving an explanation of the techniques, the parents viewed the film a second time and completed another questionnaire containing the same items as the first. Results: Nonrestrictive techniques (tell-show-do and positive reinforcement) had high acceptance rates both before and after the explanations, while restrictive techniques (handon- the-mouth, passive and active restraint) had low rates of acceptance. After receiving an explanation of the techniques, the acceptance rates were unrelated to the gender, age, or education levels of the participants. Acceptance of the hand-on-the-mouth technique rose from 34.2% to 68.5% (p < 0.05) after receiving an explanation of the techniques. Conclusion: After receiving explanations of behavioral management techniques, parents are more likely to accept the use of certain techniques.

The Relations between Prosocial Behaviors and Self-Regulation: Evidences from the Validation of the PTM-R for Portuguese Early Adolescents.

The main goal of this study is to understand the relationship between different types of prosocial behaviors and different forms of self-regulation, as part of the adaptation and validation of the Portuguese version of the Prosocial Tendencies Measure-Revised (PTM-R). A total of 403 early adolescents (M = 11.81; SD = .92; 52.91% girls) completed self-reported measures. The evaluation of psychometric properties of the PTM-R involved a confirmatory factorial analysis, followed by the examination of factorial internal consistency and factorial invariance analyses across gender groups and school retention groups (retention vs. no-retention). The results support the premise that a 6-factor model similar to the original measure is the most appropriate factorial solution for the PTM-R Portuguese version (χ2(174) = 1.725, p < .001, CFI = .95, RMSEA = .030, SRMR = .08). The levels of internal consistency for the different subscales ranged from .67 to .78. Further convergent and divergent validity tests reveal that different forms of prosocial behavior are more often related to girls' cognitive, affective and behavioral regulation and that students who failed at least one school year and thus had to repeat it denote poorer relations between prosocial behaviors and self-regulation dimensions, as opposed to more successful students. In conclusion, the Portuguese version of the PTM-R has adequate psychometric properties and its use for research purposes in the field of social development may be appropriate. The discussion focuses on the implications of these findings for future research on prosociality.

The relations between prosocial behaviors and self-regulation: evidences from the validation of the PTM-R for Portuguese Early Adolescents

The main goal of this study is to understand the relationship between different types of prosocial behaviors and different forms of self-regulation, as part of the adaptation and validation of the Portuguese version of the Prosocial Tendencies Measure-Revised (PTM-R). A total of 403 early adolescents (M = 11.81; SD = .92; 52.91% girls) completed self-reported measures. The evaluation of psychometric properties of the PTM-R involved a confirmatory factorial analysis, followed by the examination of factorial internal consistency and factorial invariance analyses across gender groups and school retention groups (retention vs. no-retention). The results support the premise that a 6-factor model similar to the original measure is the most appropriate factorial solution for the PTM-R Portuguese version (χ2(174) = 1.725, p < .001, CFI = .95, RMSEA = .030, SRMR = .08). The levels of internal consistency for the different subscales ranged from .67 to .78. Further convergent and divergent validity tests reveal that different forms of prosocial behavior are more often related to girls’ cognitive, affective and behavioral regulation and that students who failed at least one school year and thus had to repeat it denote poorer relations between prosocial behaviors and self-regulation dimensions, as opposed to more successful students. In conclusion, the Portuguese version of the PTM-R has adequate psychometric properties and its use for research purposes in the field of social development may be appropriate. The discussion focuses on the implications of these findings for future research on prosociality (AU)

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Tracionamento de incisivo central superior permanente impactado pela presença de um mesiodente: relato de caso / Traction of permanent maxillary central incisor impacted by the presence of mesiodens: case report

Introdução: dentes supranumerários, como sugere o próprio nome, são aqueles que se desenvolvem nos ossos maxilares, além da série normal. Acredita-se que a etiologia esteja relacionada à hiperatividade da lâmina dentária, trauma ou mesmo hereditariedade. Esses dentes podem ser encontrados em qualquer área dos arcos dentários, sendo sua localização mais frequente na linha média da maxila, onde são chamados mesiodentes. A presença de dentes supranumerários pode causar diversas desordens locais, incluindo retardo na erupção ou impacção de dentes adjacentes, diastemas, apinhamentos, giroversões, erupções ectópicas, reabsorções radiculares e formação de cistos. Ojetivo: este trabalho objetiva relatar um caso clínico de remoção cirúrgica de um mesiodente, mediante relativa frequência do achado de supranumerários desse tipo, discussões e relatos que envolvam a necessária abordagem clínica, desde o momento diagnóstico até o planejamento da conduta terapêutica ganham relevância.Relato de caso: neste trabalho, será apresentado um caso clínico de remoção cirúrgica de um mesiodente diagnosticado em um paciente de 10 anos de idade e que provocava a impacção de um incisivo permanente. A remoção cirúrgica do supranumerário foi realizada sendo, imediatamente, colado um botão na coroa do incisivo impactado para que fosse feito o seu tracionamento. O paciente foi acompanhado até a completa irrupção do elemento 21 e seu realinhamento no arco. Concluímos que exames de rotina criteriosos e utilização, quando indicada, de exames complementares são fundamentais para adequada abordagem diagnóstica e terapêutica quando identificada a ocorrência de um mesiodente.

Avaliação da rugosidade superficial de cimentos ionoméricos modificados por resina / Evaluation of roughness surface of resin-modified glass ionomer cements

Objetivo: Analisar a rugosidade superficial dos cimentos ionoméricos resinosos Vitro Fil LC e Vitremer através de testes in vitro. Materiais e Métodos: Vinte corpos de prova foram utilizados e divididos em dois grupos: 1) Vitro Fil LC; 2) Vitremer. Após 24 horas, uma das faces de cada corpo de prova sofreu polimento mecânico e a outra serviu de controle positivo. Os materiais usados para a realização do polimento foram pontas siliconizadas para polimento Composite Fine, o material foi utilizado de acordo com as recomendações do fabricante. Terminado o polimento, os corpos de prova foram submetidos à análise de rugosidade superficial média (Ra), através da utilização de um Rugosímetro, expressa em micrômetros. Os resultados obtidos foram comparados pelo teste U de Mann-Whitney, após verificação da normalidade dos dados por meio da análise da simetria da curva de Gauss. O nível de significância adotado foi de 5% (α = 0,05). Os dados foram tabulados e analisados no programa estatístico BioEstat (versão 5.0, Belém-PA, Brasil). Resultados: Houve diferença significativa na Ra superficial entre a face polida e não polida, para os dois tipos de cimentos. Enquanto para o Vitro Fill LC foi verificada maior Ra superficial na face polida (p = 0,041), para o Vitremer foi observada na face não polida (p = 0,002). Para as faces polidas, o Vitremer apresentou Ra superficial significativamente menor (p = 0,001) do que o Vitro Fill LC. Conclusão: O cimento ionomérico resinoso Vitremer, quando polido, apresentou menor rugosidade superficial

Objective: To analyze the surface roughness of Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer Cements Vitro Fil LC and Vitremer through in vitro tests. Materials and Methods: Twenty specimens were used and divided into two groups: 1) Vitro Fil LC; 2) Vitremer. After 24 hours, one face of each specimen suffered mechanical polishing and the other served as a positive control. The materials used to perform the polishing were siliconized tips for polishing Composite Fine, the material was used according to the manufacturer's recommendations. After the polishing, the specimens were subjected to analysis of average surface roughness (Ra), by using a Surface Roughness Tester, expressed in micrometers. The results were compared by Mann-Whitney test, after verification of normality of the data by analyzing the symmetry of the bell curve. The level of significance was set at 5% (α = 0.05). The data were analyzed with statistical software BioEstat (version 5.0, Belém-PA, Brazil). Results: There was significant difference in surface roughness between the polished and unpolished compared to the two types of cements. As for the LC Vitro Fill greater surface was observed on the polished face Ra (p = 0.041), for Vitremer was not observed in the polished face (p = 0.002). For the polished faces, Vitremer showed superficial Ra significantly lower (p = 0.001) than the LC Fill Vitro. Conclusion: The ionomer resin cement Vitremer, when polished, showed lower surface roughness

Orthodontic and pediatric dental treatment approach in patient with multiple dental anomalies / Abordagem ortodôntica e odontopediátrica em paciente com múltiplas anomalias dentárias

The purpose of this clinical case report is to discuss the approach to oral rehabilitation of a patient with severe dental alterations such as enamel hypoplasia, change in shape, supernumerary tooth, dental ankylosis, agnesia and crowing in the incisor region. All of these problems compromised not only the esthetical and functional aspects of this patient, but his social relationships as well. Thus integrated planning between Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics made it possible to provide the best treatment alternative to recover the patient's stomatognathic system. Esthetic restorations were performed in the anterior tooth region with the use of resin composites, in addition to the use of removable orthodontic appliances, associated with serial extractions and supernumerary tooth removal. There were significant improvements in the esthetic and functional aspects of dentition, in addition to the patient demonstrating good evolution in his psychosocial condition, as he smiled and was more communicative during each follow-up appointment, also according to his mother's reports.

Este relato de caso clínico tem o intuito de abordar a reabilitação oral de um paciente que possuía alterações dentárias severas, como hipoplasia de esmalte, alteração de forma, dente supranumerário, anquilose dentária, agenesia, e apinhamentos na região de incisivos. Todos estes problemas comprometiam além do aspecto estético e funcional, as relações sociais deste paciente. Desta forma um planejamento integrado entre Odontopediatria e Ortodontia possibilitou a melhor alternativa de tratamento para recuperar o sistema estomatognático do paciente. Foram realizadas restaurações estéticas na região de dentes anteriores com o uso de resinas compostas, além da utilização de aparelhos ortodônticos removíveis, em associação com extrações seriadas e remoção de dente supranumerário. As melhorias no aspecto estético e funcional da dentição foram bastante expressivas, além disso, o paciente demonstrou uma boa evolução no quadro psicossocial, pois o mesmo apresentava-se sorridente e mais comunicativo durante cada consulta de acompanhamento, e segundo relatos da própria mãe.

Satisfação de necessidades psicológicas básicas em crianças e adolescentes: adaptação e validação da ESNPBR / Fulfillment of children's and adolescents' basic psychological needs: adaptation and validation of the basic psychological needs satisfaction scale

O objetivo deste trabalho foi adaptar e validar a Escala de Satisfação das Necessidades Psicológicas Básicas na Relação para crianças e adolescentes da população portuguesa. O estudo abrangeu 510 participantes, com idades compreendidas entre os 9 e os 16 anos. Os resultados indicam níveis moderados a elevados de consistência interna e um bom ajustamento das soluções fatoriais com dois e com três fatores. Todavia, a solução fatorial com dois fatores é aquela que apresenta melhores índices de ajustamento. Os resultados sustentam, ainda, hipóteses colocadas ao nível da validade convergente entre os fatores encontrados e outras variáveis relacionadas. Conclui-se que o instrumento, na sua versão atual, é uma medida geral adequada do grau de satisfação das necessidades psicológicas básicas na relação.(AU)

The aim of this study was to adapt and validate the Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction Scale (BPNS) for Portuguese children and adolescents. It involved 510 participants aged between 9 and 16 years old. The results show moderate to high levels of internal consistency and a good adjustment of factorial solution models with two and three factors in accordance with the correspondent theoretical framework. However, the factorial model with two factors is the one that presents better fit. The results also support hypotheses regarding convergent validity between the factors found and other related variables. In sum, the current version of the questionnaire seems to be an appropriate general measure of basic psychological needs in relationships.(AU)

Satisfação de necessidades psicológicas básicas em crianças e adolescentes: adaptação e validação da ESNPBR / Fulfillment of children's and adolescents' basic psychological needs: adaptation and validation of the basic psychological needs satisfaction scale

O objetivo deste trabalho foi adaptar e validar a Escala de Satisfação das Necessidades Psicológicas Básicas na Relação para crianças e adolescentes da população portuguesa. O estudo abrangeu 510 participantes, com idades compreendidas entre os 9 e os 16 anos. Os resultados indicam níveis moderados a elevados de consistência interna e um bom ajustamento das soluções fatoriais com dois e com três fatores. Todavia, a solução fatorial com dois fatores é aquela que apresenta melhores índices de ajustamento. Os resultados sustentam, ainda, hipóteses colocadas ao nível da validade convergente entre os fatores encontrados e outras variáveis relacionadas. Conclui-se que o instrumento, na sua versão atual, é uma medida geral adequada do grau de satisfação das necessidades psicológicas básicas na relação...

The aim of this study was to adapt and validate the Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction Scale (BPNS) for Portuguese children and adolescents. It involved 510 participants aged between 9 and 16 years old. The results show moderate to high levels of internal consistency and a good adjustment of factorial solution models with two and three factors in accordance with the correspondent theoretical framework. However, the factorial model with two factors is the one that presents better fit. The results also support hypotheses regarding convergent validity between the factors found and other related variables. In sum, the current version of the questionnaire seems to be an appropriate general measure of basic psychological needs in relationships...

Cholesterol depletion in adipocytes causes caveolae collapse concomitant with proteosomal degradation of cavin-2 in a switch-like fashion.

Caveolae, little caves of cell surfaces, are enriched in cholesterol, a certain level of which is required for their structural integrity. Here we show in adipocytes that cavin-2, a peripheral membrane protein and one of 3 cavin isoforms present in caveolae from non-muscle tissue, is degraded upon cholesterol depletion in a rapid fashion resulting in collapse of caveolae. We exposed 3T3-L1 adipocytes to the cholesterol depleting agent methyl-ß-cyclodextrin, which results in a sudden and extensive degradation of cavin-2 by the proteasome and a concomitant movement of cavin-1 from the plasma membrane to the cytosol along with loss of caveolae. The recovery of cavin-2 at the plasma membrane is cholesterol-dependent and is required for the return of cavin-1 from the cytosol to the cell surface and caveolae restoration. Expression of shRNA directed against cavin-2 also results in a cytosolic distribution of cavin-1 and loss of caveolae. Taken together, these data demonstrate that cavin-2 functions as a cholesterol responsive component of caveolae that is required for cavin-1 localization to the plasma membrane, and caveolae structural integrity.

Avaliação da motivação intrínseca na aprendizagem: validação de duas escalas para crianças e adolescentes / Assessment of intrinsic motivation for learning: validation of two scales for children and adolescents

O objetivo do presente trabalho é proceder à adaptação e validação de duas escalas breves de avaliação da motivação na aprendizagem: a Escala de Escolha Percebida na Aprendizagem e a Escala de Competência Percebida na Aprendizagem. O estudo abrangeu 510 participantes, com idades compreendidas entre os 9 e os 16 anos. Após a análise exploratória de dados, o trabalho envolveu a avaliação da consistência interna, sucedida de uma análise fatorial exploratória de ambas as escalas. Foram estudadas, também, a sua validade convergente, bem como a sua estabilidade temporal. Foi ainda realizada uma análise diferencial dos resultados quanto às variáveis gênero e ano de escolaridade. Os instrumentos revelam valores moderados a elevados no nível da consistência interna e estruturas unidimensionais à semelhança das versões originais em língua inglesa. Confirmam-se, também, várias das hipóteses colocadas quanto à sua validade convergente. Estudos adicionais relativamente à estabilidade temporal desses instrumentos parecem ser pertinentes.(AU)

The aim of this study was to adapt and validate two brief scales in order to assess the subjective motivation for learning: the Perceived Choice for Learning Scale and the Perceived Competence for Learning Scale. The study involved 510 participants, ages 9-16 years old. After an exploratory data analysis, the study involved the assessment of internal consistency, followed by an exploratory factor analysis of both scales. Convergent validity and temporal stability of the two scales were also tested, along with a differential analysis regarding gender and school level of the participants. The instruments showed moderate to high levels of internal consistency and one-dimensional structures similar to their original versions in English. Several hypotheses concerning convergent validity were also supported by the study. Additional research seems to be recommendable to address temporal stability issues.(AU)

Avaliação da motivação intrínseca na aprendizagem: validação de duas escalas para crianças e adolescentes / Assessment of intrinsic motivation for learning: validation of two scales for children and adolescents

O objetivo do presente trabalho é proceder à adaptação e validação de duas escalas breves de avaliação da motivação na aprendizagem: a Escala de Escolha Percebida na Aprendizagem e a Escala de Competência Percebida na Aprendizagem. O estudo abrangeu 510 participantes, com idades compreendidas entre os 9 e os 16 anos. Após a análise exploratória de dados, o trabalho envolveu a avaliação da consistência interna, sucedida de uma análise fatorial exploratória de ambas as escalas. Foram estudadas, também, a sua validade convergente, bem como a sua estabilidade temporal. Foi ainda realizada uma análise diferencial dos resultados quanto às variáveis gênero e ano de escolaridade. Os instrumentos revelam valores moderados a elevados no nível da consistência interna e estruturas unidimensionais à semelhança das versões originais em língua inglesa. Confirmam-se, também, várias das hipóteses colocadas quanto à sua validade convergente. Estudos adicionais relativamente à estabilidade temporal desses instrumentos parecem ser pertinentes.

The aim of this study was to adapt and validate two brief scales in order to assess the subjective motivation for learning: the Perceived Choice for Learning Scale and the Perceived Competence for Learning Scale. The study involved 510 participants, ages 9-16 years old. After an exploratory data analysis, the study involved the assessment of internal consistency, followed by an exploratory factor analysis of both scales. Convergent validity and temporal stability of the two scales were also tested, along with a differential analysis regarding gender and school level of the participants. The instruments showed moderate to high levels of internal consistency and one-dimensional structures similar to their original versions in English. Several hypotheses concerning convergent validity were also supported by the study. Additional research seems to be recommendable to address temporal stability issues.